Dental Problems Common Among The Elderly

People of all ages can experience dental problems at any time. However, as you grow older the risk of dental diseases increases. Here are some common dental problems among the elderly. 

Dry Mouth (Xerostomia)

Dry mouth is caused by reduced saliva flow. Saliva is key in maintaining oral health by helping to clean food particles and neutralize acids produced by bacteria in the mouth. Reduced saliva flow can result from various factors, including certain medications, radiation therapy, autoimmune diseases, and the natural aging process. 

Common symptoms of dry mouth include difficulty swallowing, altered taste, and increased risk of developing dental cavities and gum disease. To alleviate dry mouth, individuals can increase water intake, suck on sugar-free candies to stimulate saliva flow, and use over-the-counter saliva substitutes or oral moisturizers.

Bad Breath (Halitosis)

Poor oral hygiene is often a significant factor contributing to bad breath in the elderly. Inadequate brushing and flossing can lead to the buildup of plaque and bacteria in the mouth, resulting in an unpleasant odor. Moreover, as people age, they might face difficulties in maintaining thorough oral care due to mobility issues or other health complications, further exacerbating the problem.

Certain medications commonly prescribed to the elderly can also cause dry mouth as a side effect. Furthermore, underlying health conditions such as gum disease, respiratory infections, or digestive issues can play a role in causing halitosis among the elderly.

To address this issue, the elderly must maintain regular dental check-ups and practice effective oral hygiene. Dentists can guide proper cleaning techniques and recommend suitable mouthwashes or saliva substitutes to alleviate dry mouth. Additionally, healthcare professionals should be consulted to address any underlying health concerns that may be contributing to the problem. 

Tooth Decay (Cavities)

Tooth decay occurs when the enamel, the outer layer of the tooth, is damaged by acids produced by bacteria in the mouth. Factors such as poor oral hygiene, frequent snacking, and consumption of sugary or acidic foods and drinks can contribute to tooth decay. 

Additionally, reduced saliva flow due to certain medications or medical conditions can exacerbate the problem. Treatment for tooth decay involves dental fillings, crowns, or root canal therapy, depending on the severity of the decay.

Gum Disease (Periodontal Disease)

Gum disease is a serious oral health issue that can affect individuals of all ages, but its prevalence increases with age. It occurs when the gums become infected due to the buildup of plaque and tartar along the gumline. Common symptoms include swollen, tender, or bleeding gums, persistent bad breath, and receding gums. 

Factors such as poor oral hygiene, smoking, certain medications, and systemic conditions like diabetes can contribute to the development of gum disease. Treatment for gum disease may involve scaling and root planing, antibiotic treatment, or in severe cases, surgical intervention.

Factors such as periodontal disease, aggressive tooth brushing, hormonal changes, and genetics can contribute to gum recession. Treatments for receding gums may involve deep cleaning, gum grafting, or tissue regeneration procedures, depending on the severity of the condition.

Oral Cancer

Oral cancer is any type of cancer that affects the throat or mouth. Among the elderly, factors such as a history of tobacco use, heavy alcohol consumption, and prolonged exposure to the sun (in the case of lip cancer) can increase the risk of developing oral cancer. 

Additionally, as people age, the cells in their bodies may be more prone to genetic changes that can lead to cancer. A healthy lifestyle can help in early detection and prevention of oral cancer among the elderly.

Regular dental check-ups, proper oral hygiene practices, a balanced diet, and avoidance of harmful habits such as smoking are essential for preventing and managing these common dental problems in the elderly. Reach out to Desert Dental: Ruintan Kamran D.M.D. for more information.